Teno-Rasca Marine Conservation Zone Faces Threat from Unregulated Tourism

The Teno-Rasca Marine Conservation Zone, renowned for being home to Europe’s first official whale sanctuary, is increasingly under threat from unregulated tourist activities. This surge in tourism is jeopardizing one of the world’s largest populations of short-finned pilot whales, as well as endangered species such as loggerhead turtles. The delicate balance of this marine ecosystem is at risk, prompting urgent calls for action from conservationists and local authorities alike.

Overview of the Conservation Zone

Situated off the bustling south-west coast of Tenerife, the Teno-Rasca Marine Conservation Zone encompasses an impressive 70,000 hectares. Declared a conservation zone in 2011, it serves as a vital habitat for over 300 resident pilot whales and up to 20 other species of cetaceans. Additionally, the area is home to threatened marine turtles, making it a critical site for biodiversity. The sanctuary not only plays a crucial role in marine conservation but also attracts numerous tourists eager to witness its natural beauty and wildlife.

Challenges in Enforcement

Despite the existence of strict regulations designed to protect marine wildlife, enforcement remains a significant challenge. These rules prohibit swimming with whales and dolphins, chasing or feeding them, and limit the number of boats allowed near pods. However, in practice, enforcement is often lacking. Jet skis, speedboats, and unauthorized excursions frequently approach marine wildlife at alarming speeds, disrupting their natural behaviors.

Conservation groups have reported a range of negative impacts, including collisions, increased stress levels, and alterations in the animals’ behavior. One local researcher expressed concern, stating: “The animals are suffering chronic stress. Turtles risk collision, and whales are altering their natural behavior to avoid disturbance.” The underwater noise generated by these unregulated activities further complicates matters, disrupting the communication and rest patterns of these marine creatures.

Impact of Illegal Tourism

Whale and dolphin watching is a significant source of income for many licensed local operators, who adhere to the regulations set forth to protect marine life. However, these legitimate businesses face unfair competition from illegal operators offering kayak and snorkeling trips with dolphins and turtles for as little as €40. While licensed operators are required to display a “Blue Boat” flag, authorities acknowledge that inspections and sanctions against illegal operators are sporadic at best.

In an effort to mitigate the damage caused by unregulated tourism, Spain’s Ministry for Ecological Transition imposed a moratorium on new licenses for whale-watching boats in 2023. However, experts argue that this measure is insufficient without stronger monitoring of private recreational craft. The surveillance vessel Mar Canario, which was purchased in 2019 to patrol conservation areas, has reportedly been absent during the peak tourist summer months, raising concerns about the effectiveness of current enforcement efforts.

Anthropologists and marine biologists from the University of La Laguna have highlighted the lack of coordination between various administrations and the limited enforcement capabilities as the sanctuary’s greatest weaknesses. They emphasize that while education for tourists and businesses is essential, it cannot replace the need for effective regulation and consistent surveillance to ensure the protection of this fragile ecosystem.

For visitors to Tenerife, the message is clear: the whale sanctuary is a unique and fragile environment that deserves protection. Respecting the rules when booking excursions or using watercraft is vital to ensure that future generations can continue to enjoy the extraordinary marine life that inhabits these waters. Tourists are encouraged to choose licensed operators who prioritize conservation and adhere to the regulations designed to protect the sanctuary.

Key Points

• The Teno-Rasca Marine Conservation Zone is Europe’s first official whale sanctuary.
• It covers 70,000 hectares and was declared a conservation zone in 2011.
• The area is home to over 300 resident pilot whales and endangered loggerhead turtles.
• Strict rules exist to protect marine wildlife, but enforcement is limited.
• Illegal tourism activities are undermining licensed operators and harming marine life.
• A moratorium on new whale-watching licenses was imposed in 2023, but experts call for stronger monitoring.
• Education and effective regulation are essential for the sanctuary’s protection.